This project examines how national and international actors and institutions are beginning to address the growing burden of cancer in India. Over 1 million of new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in India. Researchers predict that this figure will double in the next 20 years, which would make cancer a leading cause of death. For a large part of the Indian population, a cancer diagnosis results in catastrophic expenditures that affect patients and their families. In this context, strategies are required that allow a better integration of treatment and prevention programs into the public health infrastructure of developing nations. The purpose of the scoping exercise is to take the first steps in developing a large-scale, long-term project for the anthropological study of affordable cancer care in emerging economies. How is affordability transformed into a quality of medical care?